Shared across all four courses, this content introduces discrete random variables and their probability distributions. Students calculate the expected value E(X) and apply it in contexts such as fair game problems. In AA HL the variance of a discrete random variable is formally defined and properties of linear transformations E(aX + b) = aE(X) + b and Var(aX + b) = a²Var(X) are derived. The subtopic provides the theoretical foundation for the specific named distributions — binomial, Poisson and normal — covered in subsequent subtopics.
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Video lessons
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